1800 — 1870
Tracing Forced Migration
into Texas
An interactive visualization of approximately 48,000 enslaved people forcibly migrated from U.S. states into Texas between 1800 and 1870, reconstructed from the Freedmen's voter registration records of 1867–1869.
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Individual Records
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Counties
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Origin States
1800–1870
Time Span
Explore the Data
Interactive Map
Visualize migration flows from origin states to Texas counties with animated arcs, historical county boundaries, and a timeline slider spanning 1800–1870.
Name Search
Search for individuals by name with fuzzy matching that handles historical spelling variants. Filter by county, origin state, or year of arrival.
The Dataset
42 counties with voter registration data including names, origin states, arrival years, and residence durations that reveal the “gap problem” of unknown interim locations.
Understanding the Data
The voter registration records contain nuances that require careful interpretation. These questions address the most important methodological considerations.